Diet is the most important component of gastritis treatment.Based on certain features of the disease, for example, acidity in the stomach, as well as the presence of erosive, atrophic and other forms, the diet can vary depending on what can and cannot be included in the menu.
If a person has an unbalanced diet, periodically drinks alcohol, smokes and is subject to frequent severe stress, then he will inevitably develop a pathology such as gastritis.This is a disease that leads to inflammation of the gastric mucosa, thereby compromising its integrity.As a result, various unpleasant symptoms appear, the main of which is acute pain in the upper abdomen.In addition, bloating, belching, nausea and vomiting appear, appetite decreases or disappears completely, which often leads to weight loss.Gastritis of the stomach occurs in various forms, including those that can be caused by an infectious environment, but in any case, successful treatment requires a healthy diet.You should not only change your diet, decide what you can and cannot eat, but also change the principles of the diet itself, do it with a fixed menu for the whole week, dividing the entire amount of food into 5-6 meals.During a flare-up, the diet should be stricter.In addition, there are certain nuances if gastritis is characterized by high or low acidity.
What is allowed and what is not allowed for gastritis?
The main differences in nutrition will be determined by the level of acidity.Which index is determined for a particular patient during diagnosis before treatment.
Increased acidity
With increased acidity, which occurs more often, you need to follow three basic principles:
- Engineering.Sets the ban on fried foods.In addition, coarse fibers such as bran bread, rutabagas, turnips and strips of meat are not allowed.
- Chemistry.It states that you should avoid foods that promote the secretion of hydrochloric acid needed for the digestion process, for example, soda, alcohol and citrus fruits.In addition, concentrated rich broths based on meat and fish are prohibited.
- Thermal.It consists of eating food that has an optimal temperature, which usually ranges from 16-55 degrees Celsius.If the food is hotter or colder, then with gastritis this causes irritation of the esophagus, which leads to an increase in the duration of food absorption and, consequently, increased pressure in the stomach.
If the environment in the stomach is characterized as acidic, then low-fat types of fish and meat, fermented dairy products, eggs, which can be served as an omelet or soft, are suitable for diet.In addition, the diet may contain peeled tomatoes, boiled zucchini, potatoes, etc.
Low acidity
A diet for gastritis with reduced acidity includes foods that promote a greater release of enzymes that ensure digestion.To do this, it is also important to normalize the process for eating food.This should be done slowly.it is important to spend at least half a minute chewing a portion of food and the eating process should last at least half an hour.It significantly improves the secretion of hydrochloric acid by drinking slightly carbonated mineral water.you should drink 200 ml of this water each time before meals.Various fruits and vegetables are allowed, which must be consumed immediately after the meal is completed, since snacking is not allowed in the diet.Fruits and vegetables should be chosen lightly, based on the principle of the absence of tough fibers.To further facilitate the digestion process, it is best to peel the fruit in advance and eat only the pulp.
Low acidity has some benefits compared to high acidity.A small amount of chocolate products, light soups and broths, and river fish, mushrooms, and lean meats, including rabbit and beef, are acceptable.Milk derivatives are allowed, but it is better to avoid milk itself.
What is not allowed?
If you have gastritis with any acidity, you should not consume:
- baking;
- Chocolate products?
- Fried, spicy foods.
- Alcoholic beverages?
- Foods rich in vegetable or animal fats.
- Vinegar.
How to eat in a flare - menu for the week
In case of flare-up, a compromise should be found and the body should receive all the necessary nutrients and trace elements, but the diet is neutral and does not irritate the mucous membrane which is so inflamed.In this situation, digestion should be helped as much as possible so that it happens very quickly.To do this, you should try to chop all the food as much as possible and use only boiling or steaming for cooking.
It is important to make the prepared menu not only balanced and gentle, but also strictly adhere to it, eating food at a strictly set time every day.The intervals between doses cannot be more than three hours, otherwise the stomach will empty and the flare-up will only intensify.It cannot be transported as it is filled with gastric stasis.In the evenings, you should eat no later than three to four hours before bed.
Surprisingly, during a peak period, it is recommended to spend the first day on an empty stomach.However, the stomach still needs to be filled.To do this, you need to drink a lot of water and weakly brewed tea.Any liquid you drink should be warm.From the second day, liquid porridges and mashed potatoes with water are allowed.In addition, boiled eggs and non-condensed soup with grated vegetables will be useful.When gastritis worsens, foods rich in fat should be completely excluded from the diet, as their breakdown is very slow.
Menu for the week
Mon and Wed:
- Breakfast with oatmeal and compote.
- The second time you can have breakfast with steamed cheese pies.
- Lunch consists of mashed potatoes, vegetable soup with breadcrumbs, boiled fish, compote.
- Afternoon snack – biscuits with light tea.
- Dinner - steamed lean meat cutlets pasta side dish, light tea.
Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday:
- Breakfast consists of baked apples, cheesecakes and compote.
- The second time you should have breakfast with a glass of jelly.
- You should have lunch with vegetable broth, steamed fish, mineral water from gas.
- An afternoon snack of light unsweetened tea with white bread crackers is allowed.
- For dinner cottage cheese and compote casserole.
Fri, Sun:
- You should have breakfast with eggs boiled for 5-6 minutes, washed down with compote.
- During the second breakfast, eat cheesecakes with tea.
- Lunch vegetable stew, grated potato soup, jelly.
- Afternoon snack - a glass of kefir with crackers.
- Dinner should be boiled fish with porridge in water.
Diet No. 1 for gastritis
Diet No. 1 is considered quite strict.However, its use is a necessary measure, since restoring normal digestion and not irritating the gastric mucosa is very important in case of gastritis or if someone has an ulcer.This diet is prescribed after the end of the exacerbation phase of the disease.Among the cooking methods, only boiling, steaming and baking can be used.It is extremely important to reduce the amount of salt consumed, as its presence negatively affects the condition of the inner surface of the stomach.In addition, salt slows down the removal of water from the body.
Diet No. 1 involves dividing the entire daily diet into five to six small portions.The total amount of calories consumed cannot be more than 2000.
Among the main dishes that should be included in diet No. 1 are:
- Vegetable soup.The vegetable base can be replaced with vermicelli or rice.
- Lean meat and fish without veins and other difficult to digest elements.
- Bread products should be consumed yesterday, dried, but also in the form of crackers.
In moderation, you can eat fermented dairy products, for example, cottage cheese, yogurt, skim milk.
It cannot be consumed in diet No. 1:
- Rye bread?
- Soups based on mushrooms and meat - you should give up okroshka, borscht, cabbage soup.
- Smoked products?
- Pickles;
- Fish and other canned goods.
Nutrition for corrosive form
Gastritis is called erosive when the action of the disease causes gastric erosion, called an ulcer.An ulcer is a more serious disease that can lead to very serious consequences, including, for example, peritonitis, when erosion of the wall gradually leads to a through hole, as a result of which the contents of the stomach enter the abdominal cavity.This condition is fraught with death without urgent surgical treatment.
The causes of erosion, along with the effect of Helicobacter pylori infection, are exposure to substances or excessively acidic gastric fluid.So, with erosive gastritis, it is very important to eat right to slow down and reverse the ulcer formation process.
The following are the principles on which the diet should be based if the patient has erosive gastritis:
- The food consumed should minimally irritate the gastric wall and prevent an increase in acidity.
- You must eat wet, warm, pureed food on a continuous basis.At the same time, it is necessary to minimize the amount of fat and salt in the diet.
- Refusal of bad habits, spices, soda.
- Vegetables must be cooked with heat treatment.
- Food emphasis should be on soups and cereals.
Diet and menu if the patient has atrophic gastritis
The atrophic form is relatively difficult to diagnose, since there are no symptoms in the early phase of the pathology.Among the minimal signs of the disease, one can note the presence of belching after fried and fatty foods, which smell very unpleasant.In addition, the inevitable companions of atrophic gastritis are a state of general weakness, brittle legs and hair, and skin problems.
Atrophic gastritis imposes serious restrictions on the list of what is possible and what is not.In your diet you should avoid:
- Black bakery products, pastries.
- Smoked dishes;
- Mushrooms in any form.
- Peas, beans;
- canned food;
- Uncooked fruits and vegetables.
- Soda, including mineral water.
- Milk.
Like other gastritis diets, during the atrophic stage, cooking methods such as frying and smoking are completely prohibited.To bring food to a ready-to-eat state, you can boil, steam or bake
With atrophic gastritis, it is important to eat:
- Soups based on grated vegetables.
- Various porridges in water.
- Boiled lean meat, very finely chopped.
- Skimmed milk derivatives?
- Boiled eggs;
- Unleavened white bread, crackers.
- Heat-treated fruits and vegetables.
- Butter;
- For dessert, you can enjoy jam, jelly and mousse.