Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas. The pathology occurs in acute and chronic forms. The condition has a rather specific symptom: severe pain in the left hypochondrium, sometimes with a zonal character, weak stools, nausea and vomiting.
Diet for pancreatic pancreatitis is one of the main areas of treatment of the pathology. The patient's menu depends on the general state of health and the period of the disease. It is necessary to follow the medical diet for several months.
General principles
The diet for pancreatitis of the pancreas should be sparing. Basic principles of nutrition:
- Fractional diet - food should be taken five to six times a day in small portions.
- The dishes must be mashed, which facilitates the process of digestion of food.
- The allowed cooking methods are steam and cooking.
- Fresh vegetables and fruits are completely forbidden, ie not cooked?
- the permissible daily volume of salt does not exceed 5 grams.
- It is mandatory to take infusions and decoctions of rose berries.
- The dishes served at the table should be hot - hot and cold are contraindicated.
- Preservation, semi-finished products, fatty / fried / very salty foods and products are strictly prohibited.
Deviation from the principles of nutrition can lead to the development of a pancreatitis attack.
Allowed and Prohibited Products
To reduce the production of pancreatic juice and reduce the load on the inflammatory gland, it is necessary to completely exclude from the patient's diet:
- Soups cooked in rich broth of meat, fish and mushrooms, as well as complex soups - cabbage soup, pickles, borscht. Cold and dairy products are excluded.
- Bread - today's wheat / rye flour pastries, puff pastry and pastries, fried pies with butter, tortillas.
- Fatty meats - pork, lamb, duck, goose - sausages, by-products, canned and smoked meats.
- A fish. Fatty varieties, smoked, salted are prohibited.
- Milk and lactic acid products with high fat content.
- Oatmeal - millet, pearl, wheat, corn.
- Fried and boiled eggs.
- Vegetables - turnip, radish, garlic, pepper, eggplant, cabbage, spinach.
- Sweets - jam, ice cream, fresh dates, grapes, bananas, figs.
- Spicy spices.
- Coffee, strong tea, coffee, soda, grape juice.
- Refractory fats - pork, beef, lamb.
When developing a menu for each day, it is necessary to take into account the recommendations of nutritionists and use only approved products. The:
- dried loaf, cookies, homemade crackers.
- Vegetarian soups with the addition of mashed vegetables - potatoes, zucchini, pumpkin, carrots - pasta, semolina or oatmeal.
- lean meats - chicken, rabbit, turkey - in the form of steamed cutlets, soufflés, pasta, stroganoff beef.
- low-fat fish varieties - pollen, carp, cod.
- Cereals - oatmeal, semolina, rice - are used to make cereals, casserole, puddings.
- low-fat milk and lactic acid products.
- steam omelette without yolks.
- vegetables - potatoes, zucchini, beets, pumpkin, cauliflower, carrots, green peas.
- sweet berries and fruits in the form of mousse, jellies, puddings, baked apples.
- sauces - dairy and cooked in vegetable broth (when using flour, the latter is not sauteed).
- butter and vegetable oil;
- weak tea with lemon, mineral water, rose decoction, juices diluted with water.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
If we are talking about the type of diet recommended for the patient with acute form of inflammation, then this is the 5P treatment table. For the first two to four days, a person is completely hungry. Only liquid intake is allowed - decoction of rose berries, Borjomi (without gas), weak tea. The patient then switches to nutritional therapy. The menu is allowed to include unsalted, but carbohydrate-rich dishes.
An approximate list of dishes that can be included in the menu:
- steam omelette in proteins.
- meat souffle;
- Fish and meat pasta.
- mashed soups - rice and oatmeal - and vegetarian options.
- vegetable puree;
- mashed porridge - rice, buckwheat, oatmeal.
- apples in the form of jelly or mousse.
- fruit drinks from wild rose berries, cranberries, black currants.
- tea with the addition of milk.
- cottage cheese and dishes from it.
- cereal puddings.
Before going to bed, you can offer kefir, yogurt, a glass of water with a spoonful of honey dissolved in it, plums and raisins.
Approximate weekly menu
When compiling a menu for a week, we must remember that the patient's diet must vary. When developing a menu for a patient for the entire week, you can use the following recommendations.
Breakfast can be served with a salad of boiled beets and dried fruit compote, 150 grams of low-fat cottage cheese and a decoction of rose berries, steamed omelette without yolks, weak tea with cookies, crumbled, grated porridgecheese with cookies, rose broth, mashed buckwheat porridge, compote.
Second breakfast: well-boiled rice porridge with steamed raisins, carrot salad with vegetable oil, apple stuffed with dried apricots and baked in the oven, pumpkin and carrot puree, boiled beets, apple baked with sugar.
For lunch, vegetarian soups are allowed, for example, borscht, boiled fish garnished with well-cooked rice, boiled beef, casserole with cottage cheese, steamed cutlet, pasta with boiled minced meat, sautéed. Snack options: permitted fruit jelly, vegetable roll, fresh berry jelly, fruit pudding, baked potatoes, sandwich with butter and a slice of cheese, bean puree.
Dinner: baked apple puree and low-fat yogurt, rice porridge with raisins, varenets, vinaigrette and yogurt, steamed cauliflower, a glass of zucchini, zucchini caviar, kefir, steamed omelette with yogurt, yummy, yogurt.
Alternative dishes, you can create a "tasty" weekly menu that will provide the patient's body with all the necessary substances, but at the same time the pancreas will receive a minimal nutritional load. You can find recipes for some dishes below.
Diet for the combined course of pancreatitis with gastritis or cholecystitis
If the underlying disease is accompanied by the development of cholecystitis, then the menu may include:
- slimy soups of rice, oatmeal or semolina.
- mashed porridge, boiled in water, the addition of milk and butter is strictly prohibited.
- vegetable juices, compotes.
- homemade white bread croutons;
- pureed boiled meat, fish;
- low fat cottage cheese.
With a combined course of pancreatitis and gastritis, the menu should include mashed oatmeal, rice and semolina soups, to which you can add egg yolk and a little butter, vegetable puree - potatoes, carrots, beets - with the addition of milk or cream, soufflé. steam, cutlets etc. minced pasta and fish.
Strict selection is recommended only during the acute period of the disease. Once the condition has stabilized, the person switches to a diet recommended for chronic pancreatitis.
Characteristics of nutrition in childhood
The basic principles of nutrition in children are fragmentation, maximum degree of grinding, compliance with the requirements of culinary processing and variety. Small portions, if served often, prevent the child from going hungry. In this case, there is no violation of the metabolic process.
Daily calorie intake is calculated based on the child's weight and age. In the recession stage, the menu is allowed to include fresh vegetables and fruits (to a limited extent), but the basis of the diet is cereals with milk, minced meat dishes - chicken, turkey, vegetable soups without added meat, fish - boiled or cooked, boiledvegetables, dairy products. In small quantities and daily, the child is allowed to give marshmallows, jam, marmalade, jam, honey.
Great!When introducing a new product to the diet, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the child.
Recipes
We offer you many recipes for dishes that can be prepared with a diagnosis of pancreatitis.
Beef pudding
Grate the boiled beef pulp (130 g) in a blender bowl. Add semolina (10 g), beaten egg white, yolk and a little water (about 1/3 cup) to the puree. Add a few salt crystals. Grease the form with oil, put the prepared minced meat and bake in a double bowl.
Fish pasta
Grind lean fish (300 g) in a meat grinder. Grate a quarter of the dried loaf and pour the milk over the pieces (100 ml). Squeeze the bread and mix it with the minced meat, add a couple of beaten proteins. Add salt and mix well. Shape small balls with two spoons and boil them in salted water until soft. This will take about 15 minutes.
Vegetable puree soup
Cook until the potatoes (2 pcs. ), The carrots and half a small zucchini are fully cooked. Drain the broth in a separate bowl and chop the vegetables until pureed using a blender. Add the puree with broth to the desired texture and bring to a boil. Cook for 3 minutes. Serve hot with a tablespoon of sour cream in the soup.
Fish pudding
The fish carcass should be divided into two fillets. Boil the first one and rub it through a strainer. Grate the second part in a meat grinder. Mix both masses, add egg yolks, butter, salt. Knead. Divide into portion forms and steam.
Chicken souffle
Grate the boiled chicken in a meat grinder. Add the egg yolks and butter to the minced meat. Mix well. Then gently add the beaten egg whites to the fluffy foam. Put the mass in a mold and steam.
Banana dessert
Dissolve 2 packets of gelatin according to the instructions. Add 250 ml of natural yogurt from it. Steam some bananas and peeled peaches. Place foil on the bottom of the plastic mold. Form the dessert in layers - cookie crumbs, yogurt cream with gelatin, banana-peach puree. Alternative layers. Put the cake in the fridge to solidify the jelly.
Adherence to the principles of nutrition in pancreatitis is a prerequisite for achieving persistent and long-term remission. The menu for patients with pancreatitis in adults and children, with the right approach to development, can be quite varied and fully meet all the needs of the body.